muffler cost!

muffler cost

Comprehensive Analysis

1) "Muffler" -- As to muffler cost muf·fler Pronunciation: 'm&-fl&r Function: noun 1 a : a scarf worn around the neck b : something that hides or disguises 2 : a device to deaden noise; especially : one forming part of the exhaust system of an automotive vehicle - muf·flered adjective Pronunciation Symbols Muffler and exhaust pipe on a Ducati 695 A muffler (or silencer in British English) is a device for reducing the amount of noise emitted by a machine. On internal combustion engines, the engine exhaust blows out through the muffler. 1 Description 2 Advantages and disadvantages 3 See also 4 External links Dual exhaust pipes attached to a car's muffler Mufflers are typically installed along the exhaust pipe as part of the exhaust system of the engine. They usually contain a series of baffles to absorb sound, although the majority of the noise reduction is not through absorption but through destructive interference in the muffler itself. The muffler accomplishes this with a resonating chamber, which is specifically designed such that opposite sound waves are likely to collide, canceling each other out. They are a common piece of equipment on automobiles, usually slung under the rear of a car, but many diesel-powered semi trucks have large mufflers mounted vertically behind the cab. Catalytic converters also often have a muffling effect. While the goal is to absorb energy that would otherwise be released as sound into the environment, mufflers do force engines to work somewhat harder pushing exhaust gas through them. Therefore, it is a common engine tuning practice to replace stock mufflers with versions that require less energy to force the gas through (usually described as lowering the "backpressure"). Such accessory mufflers can often increase a vehicle's power and fuel efficiency, but usually at the cost of less effective noise suppression. Mufflers that reduce backpressure were invented in the late 20th century, and resulted in increased engine efficiency, performance, power output, and simultaneously decreased overall wear and tear on the engines' components, as well as sound to levels in compliance with the law. Exhaust system 2) "Cost" -- As to muffler cost 1cost Pronunciation: 'kost Function: noun 1 a : the amount or equivalent paid or charged for something : PRICE b : the outlay or expenditure (as of effort or sacrifice) made to achieve an object 2 : loss or penalty incurred especially in gaining something 3 plural : expenses incurred in litigation; especially : those given by the law or the court to the prevailing party against the losing party - cost·less /-l&s/ adjective - cost·less·ly adverb - at all costs : regardless of the cost or consequences <was determined to win at all costs> - at cost : for the price of production <buys clothes at cost directly from the manufacturer> Pronunciation Symbols In economics, business, and accounting, a cost is the value of inputs that have been used up to produce something, and hence are not available for use anymore. In business, the cost may be one of acquisition, in which case the amount of money expended to acquire it is counted as cost. In this case, money is the input that is gone in order to acquire the thing. This acquisition cost may be the sum of the cost of production as incurred by the original producer, and further costs of transaction as incurred by the acquirer over and above the price paid to the producer. Usually, the price also includes a mark-up for profit over the cost of production. Costs are often further described based on their timing or their applicability. 1 Accounting vs opportunity costs 2 Comparing Private, external, social and psychic costs 3 Cost estimates and cost overrun 4 References 5 Path Cost 6 See also Historical costs or accounting costs represent the total amount of money (or the monetary value of goods) spent. It is the amount denoted on invoices and recorded in bookkeeping records. Opportunity cost, also referred to as economic cost is the value of the best alternative that was not chosen in order to pursue the current endeavour--i.e., what could have been accomplished with the resources expended in the undertaking. It represents opportunities forgone. If a person has a job offer that pays $25 for an hour's work, and instead chooses to take a nap, then the accounting cost of the nap is zero; the person did not hand over any money in order to nap. However, the opportunity cost is the $25 that could have been earned working. In theoretical economics, cost used without qualification often means opportunity cost. When a transaction takes place, it typically involves both private costs and external costs. Private costs are the costs that the bu..." 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